Supply chain micro-communities in urban areas

An increase in urban freight transport is inevitable as growing urban populations require more goods, more conveniently. A deeper understanding of the geography and trends of urban freight transport must recognise that it is the aggregate result of a complex web of supply chain interactions. To understand the trends, the behaviour of the underlying supply chains must be understood. Using Global Positioning System (GPS) traces of commercial vehicles and network theory concepts, this paper examines the characteristics of supply chain micro-communities in three urban areas in South Africa. The similarity in the structure of these micro-communities across the three, very diverse, areas suggests that the dynamics that drive supply chain interaction are not dependent on local geography. Four prominent archetypes were identified that account for more than half of the micro-communities in each area. Directionality, geographic dispersion and the balance of importance in the micro-communities are studied in the context of these archetypes. This paper presents a first puzzle piece in deducing urban freight transport patterns from supply chain interaction. Furthermore the results are an empirical benchmark that can validate theoretic models of urban supply chain interaction.     

Strong contagion with weak spillovers

In this paper, we develop an explanation for why events in one market may trigger similar events in other markets, even though at first sight the markets appear to be only weakly related. We allow for escape dynamics in each market, and show that an escape in one market is contagious because it more than doubles the probability of a similar escape in another market. We claim that contagion is strong since escapes become highly synchronised across markets. Spillovers are weak because the instantaneous spillover of events from one market to another is small. To illustrate our result, we demonstrate how a currency crisis may be contagious with only weak links between countries. Other examples where weak spillovers would create strong contagion are various models of monetary policy, imperfect competition and endogenous growth.     

劳动力市场分割理论及其中国现实问题综述

从劳动力市场发展历史来看,劳动力市场的分割一般分为两种情形:一种是横向的劳动力市场分割,另一种是纵向的劳动力市场分割。文章针对中外学者对此的不同看法及其现实问题展开讨论,试图对劳动力市场分割理论及其在中国的问题进行小结和思考。     

城市土地集约利用时空特征研究——以广东省为例

采用层次分析法构造广东省城市土地集约利用评价指标体系，对1998～2005年以来21个地级市城市土地集约利用进行综合评价：运用Spearman秩相关系数和聚类分析法对评价结果进行时空分析，从区位、经济等方面探讨城市土地集约利用空间差异的原因，并提出相关建议。     

中国互助游的现状及发展策略研究

网络社区的发展,旅游需求的多元化,催生了一种全新的旅游方式——互助游。根据网络调查的结果分析了互助游的概念内涵和特征,互助游客的旅游行为特征及发展互助游的障碍,在此基础上总结网络调查结果提出部分发展策略,以期引导互助旅游的健康发展。     

旅游企业建立企业年金制度探析

在介绍我国企业年金制度的基本特点与发展现状的基础上，对旅游企业建立企业年金制度的必要性和可行性进行了分行，然后对旅游企业如何建立企业年金制度进行了深入探讨。     

建设马克思主义市场经济理论的关键

建设马克思主义市场经济理论,必须抓住马克思主义经济学的与时俱进的科学本质.建设马克思主义理论的一项核心任务就是建设马克思主义的社会主义市场经济理论,而不是重复已经过时的非商品经济理论和计划经济理论.建设马克思主义经济学必须发掘马克思的一般劳动范畴体系,在这个基础上吸收现代经济学中有用的理论结构和分析方法,并用来研究改革开放和经济建设的重大现实和理论问题.     

作为政府经济活动基础的公共物品理论:奥地利学派的反思

在奥地利学派经济学家看来,公共物品理论不足以作为政府生产的依据:首先,很多公共物品成功地得以在私人部门进行生产;其次,现实中政府提供的很多物品根本不符合经济学家对于公共物品的定义.因此以公共物品理论作为政府经济活动从而作为公共支出的基础,是不恰当的.他们还指出,公共物品的公共性和政府对公共物品的提供很多时候是由于公共部门垄断的结果,而且这种垄断还可能会妨碍发展排他技术的激励,从而进一步排除其他主体对公共物品的提供.奥地利学派对于公共物品理论的反思有助于人们重新认识政府经济活动的基础和范围.     

建筑物区分所有权行使之理论依据

建筑物区分所有权行使之理论依据包括五个方面：一是法哲学依据，建筑物区分所有权的行使具有两重性；二是法理学依据，建筑物区分所有权的行使具有合理代价：三是法社会学依据，建筑物区分所有权的行使是在社会分层中寻求平衡,四是法伦理学依据，建筑物区分所有权的行使与现代伦理文化一致；五是法经济学依据，建筑物区分所有权的行使以价格构成理论为主要依据。对建筑物区分所有权行使的理论依据探讨，有利于建立健全我国的物权制度。     

Sovereign and bank dependence in the eurozone: A multi-scale approach using wavelet-network analysis

This study establishes time–frequency networks of sovereign and bank contagion in the eurozone over the period 2009–2021. By applying discrete wavelet transformation, daily CDS premia of sovereigns and systemically important banks are decomposed into multi-horizon components to specify directed and dependence-weighted networks. Dynamic analysis shows that the network connectivity and the strength of the dependencies are significantly lower after the introduction of the European Banking Union in 2014. While the strength effect is pronounced across all time horizons, the network connectivity only reduces in the short and medium run. This provides evidence that the new regulatory framework promotes financial stability but is more effective in the short and medium horizons. The consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic as a real-life stress test confirms these findings as the strength of the dependencies keeps at significantly lower levels.